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Trial registered on ANZCTR

Registration number

ACTRN12608000232336

Ethics application status

Approved

Date submitted

23/04/2008

Date registered

7/05/2008

Date last updated

11/12/2013

Type of registration

Prospectively registered

Titles & IDs

Public title

Passports to Advantage: Health and capacity building as a basis for social integration

Scientific title

Passports to Advantage: Evaluation of the impact of a health and psychosocial intervention package on health and offending outcomes for 1,500 adult prisoners released from custody in Queensland in 2008 and 2009

Secondary ID [1]

409966: National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)

Universal Trial Number (UTN)

Trial acronym

Passports

Linked study record

Health condition

Health condition(s) or problem(s) studied:

Post-release physical and mental health and health risk behaviours of ex-prisoners

Access to and use of health services by ex-prisoners

The incidence and timing of recidivism by ex-prisoners

Condition category

Condition code

Mental Health

Addiction

Public Health

Epidemiology

Other

Research that is not of generic health relevance and not applicable to specific health categories listed above

Intervention/exposure

Study type

Interventional

Description of intervention(s) / exposure

Detailed, tailored feedback on health and psychosocial assessment and targeted referrals for support following release from prison: provision of a ‘Positives Stories’ booklet upon release; weekly telephone calls during the first 4 weeks post-release and access to a 1800 number to assist with referrals and support during the first 6 months post-release

Intervention code [1]

Prevention

Intervention code [2]

Lifestyle

Intervention code [3]

Behaviour

Comparator / control treatment

Usual care (Participants in the control group may receive treatment and support from government and non-government agencies in the community), plus basic feedback from pre-release health and psychosocial assessment

Control group

Active

Outcomes

Primary outcome [1]

Physical health (Pre-release Short Form (SF36), a generic outcome measure of 36 items designed to examine a person's perceived health status; post-release Short Form (SF8), a generic outcome measure of 8 items designed to examine a person's perceived health status )

Timepoint [1]

at baseline and 4,12, 26 weeks post-release

Primary outcome [2]

Mental health (Kessler 10 to measure Psychological Distress)

Timepoint [2]

at baseline and 4,12, 26 weeks post-release

Primary outcome [3]

Access to and use of health services (self-report at 1, 3 and 6 months; linkage with Medicare Australia data 2 years post-release)

Timepoint [3]

1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 2 years post release

Secondary outcome [1]

Alcohol and drug use (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, AUDIT; Self-report questions on drug use and substitution treatment; Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test, ASSIST)

Timepoint [1]

at baseline and 4,12, 26 weeks post-release

Secondary outcome [2]

Percieved social support (Enriched Social Support Inventory)

Timepoint [2]

at baseline and 4,12, 26 weeks post-release

Secondary outcome [3]

Self-report accommodation status

Timepoint [3]

at baseline and 4,12, 26 weeks post-release

Secondary outcome [4]

Vocational and Educational Training (Self-report educational level, employment status and income)

Timepoint [4]

at baseline and 4,12, 26 weeks post-release

Secondary outcome [5]

Reoffending (linkage with correctional data)

Timepoint [5]

2 years post-release

Eligibility

Key inclusion criteria

Currently incarcerated within a participating correctional centre in Queensland.
Expected date of release from custody is between 3 and 6 weeks from date of interview.
Currently sentenced on all charges.
Aged 17 years or over.
Provides written, informed consent to participate.

Minimum age

17 Years

Maximum age

No limit

Sex

Both males and females

Can healthy volunteers participate?

Yes

Key exclusion criteria

Currently suffering from a significant psychiatric and/or intellectual disability, such that the individual is unable to provide fully informed consent.
Previously participated in this project (given the high proportion of short sentences and recidivism).
Participants who are under a Dangerous Prisoner Sex Offender Act (DPSOA) order.
Participants who are on remand or facing further charges.

Study design

Purpose of the study

Prevention

Allocation to intervention

Randomised controlled trial

Procedure for enrolling a subject and allocating the treatment (allocation concealment procedures)

In designated recruitment centres, each week Queensland Corrective Services staff will provide the investigators with a list of all prisoners expecting to be released from custody within the succeeding six weeks. Potential participants will be escorted to the prison medical centre, where they will meet with one of the study team in a private setting. The nature and purpose of the study will be explained in language appropriate to the individual. Those who choose to participate will be asked to sign a consent form, written in plain language and requesting consent for:
Participation by the prisoner in a confidential pre-release health assessment;
Access by the study team, for research purposes, to the individual’s prison health records; health records from Medicare Australia;
Permission to contact individuals at specific intervals post-release, for research purposes.
Consent can only be partially informed because of the need to maintain blindness with regard to the ‘Passports’ intervention.

Before the results of the health assessment are entered into the study database, a member of the study team who is unaware of the individual’s pre-release health assessment will allocate each participant to the intervention or control group, using a coded list of random permutation in blocks.

Methods used to generate the sequence in which subjects will be randomised (sequence generation)

The computer generated list of random permutation (one for each stratum) will be used.

Masking / blinding

Blinded (masking used)

Who is / are masked / blinded?

Intervention assignment

Parallel

Other design features

Not Applicable

Phase

Not Applicable

Type of endpoint/s

Efficacy

Statistical methods / analysis

Recruitment

Recruitment status

Completed

Date of first participant enrolment

Anticipated

1/07/2008

Actual

18/08/2008

Date of last participant enrolment

Anticipated

Actual

1/07/2010

Date of last data collection

Anticipated

Actual

Sample size

Target

1500

Accrual to date

Final

Recruitment in Australia

Recruitment state(s)

Recruitment postcode(s) [1]

QLD 4000 - 4895

Recruitment postcode(s) [2]

QLD 9726

Funding & Sponsors

Funding source category [1]

Government body

Name [1]

National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)

Address [1]

Office of the NHMRC
Level 2, Fishburn House
Furzer Street
WODEN ACT 2606

Country [1]

Australia

Primary sponsor type

University

Name

The University of Queensland

Address

School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Level 1, Public Health Building, Herston Road, Herston, QLD 4006

Country

Australia

Secondary sponsor category [1]

None

Name [1]

Address [1]

Country [1]

Other collaborator category [1]

Government body

Name [1]

Queensland Corrective Services

Address [1]

PO Box 1054, Brisbane QLD 4001

Country [1]

Australia

Other collaborator category [2]

University

Name [2]

The University of Melbourne

Address [2]

School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne
Level 4, 207 Bouverie St, Carlton, VIC 3010

Country [2]

Australia

Other collaborator category [3]

Government body

Name [3]

Queensland Health

Address [3]

Queensland Health Building, 147-163 Charlotte Street, Brisbane, Qld 4000

Country [3]

Australia

Other collaborator category [4]

Other Collaborative groups

Name [4]

Burnet Institute

Address [4]

Centre for Population Health, 85 Commercial Road, Prahran, Vic 3004

Country [4]

Australia

Ethics approval

Ethics application status

Approved

Ethics committee name [1]

University of Queensland's Behavioural & Social Sciences Ethical Review Committee (BSSERC)

Ethics committee address [1]

Ethics Officer
Office of Research and Postgraduate Studies
Cumbrae - Stewart Building
Research Road
University of Queensland QLD 4072

Ethics committee country [1]

Australia

Date submitted for ethics approval [1]

Approval date [1]

11/07/2007

Ethics approval number [1]

2007000607

Summary

Brief summary

Prisoners as a group are characterised by chronic social disadvantage, high rates of risky drug use, and poor physical and mental health. Many prisoners enter custody with these problems, and despite the existence of intervention programs in prison, many leave prison with the same problems. This is particularly true of women and Indigenous prisoners.
Little is known about what happens to prisoners once they return to the community – what we do know is that the majority will re-offend at some point in their life, and that almost a third will return to prison within two years of release. In the weeks following release, ex-prisoners also face a massively increased risk of premature death due to drug overdose, accidents, suicide and other causes. Despite this, the few post-release programs that do exist for ex-prisoners in Australia are fragmented, under-funded and based on limited evidence. This project will conduct a randomised, controlled trial of a post-release intervention for adult prisoners in Queensland. Participants will undergo a comprehensive health assessment prior to release, and before release will receive a ‘health passport’ which will encourage and empower them to seek out appropriate health and psychosocial support in their local community. Participants will also receive telephone support from trained support staff, in the first 4 weeks following release. These 4 weeks are known to be a critical time for the reintegration of ex-prisoners. The impact of the Passport to Advantage intervention will be assessed through telephone interviews 4, 12 and 26 week post-release, and by accessing correctional and health (Medicare Australia) records for participants two years post-release. The findings of the study will inform the development of an evidence-based post-release intervention for prisoners in Australia and elsewhere, as well as providing an unprecedented insight into the post-release experiences of prisoners in Queensland.

Trial website

Trial related presentations / publications

Kinner, Lennox, Jamrozik, Haswell-Elkins, Williams & Alati: Passports to advantage: Health and capacity building of prisoners after release: International Association for the Scientific Study of Intellectual Disability (IASSID) 13th World Congress, Capetown, South Africa, 25-30 August 2008. Kinner: Passports to Advantage: Health and capacity building as a basis for reintegration of female ex-prisoners. What Works with Women Offenders: Challenging Stereotypes and Achieving Change, 2nd International Conference, Prato, Italy, 10-12 September 2007. Kinner: Passports to Advantage: Improving health and reducing drug-related harm among recently released prisoners. Alcohol and Drug Foundation, Queensland: Winter School in the Sun Conference, Brisbane, 2 July 2007. Kinner: Passports to Advantage: Health and capacity building as a basis for social integration (keynote paper). The Reintegration Puzzle: Collaborating in Support Conference, Sydney, Australia, 7-8 May 2007. Kinner, S.A., Dietze, P.M., Gouilloiu, M. & Alati, R. (in press). Prevalence and correlates of alcohol dependence in adult prisoners vary according to Indigenous status. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health. Kinner, S. A. (2008). Passports to advantage: Health and capacity building as a basis for social integration. Flinders Journal of Law Reform, 10(3), 581-589. Kinner, S. A., Lennox, N. G., & Taylor, M. (2009). Randomised controlled trial of a post-release intervention for prisoners with and without an intellectual disability. Journal on Developmental Disabilities, 15(2), 72-76. Kinner, S. A., Jenkinson, R., Gouilou, M. & Milloy, M-J. (2012). High-risk drug-use practices among a large sample of Australian prisoners. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, doi 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.05.008. van Dooren K, Claudio F, Kinner SA & Williams M. (2012). Beyond reintegration: a framework for understanding ex-prisoner health, International Journal of Prisoner Health, 7(4), 26-36. Kinner SA, Moore E, Spittal MJ & Indig D. (2013). Opiate substitution treatment to reduce in-prison drug injection: A natural experiment, Int J Drug Policy, 24, 460-463. David M, Alati R, Ware RS & Kinner SA. (2013). Attrition in a longitudinal study with hard-to-reach participants was reduced by ongoing contact, J Clin Epidemiol, 66(5), 575-581. Dias S, Ware RS, Lennox NG & Kinner SA. (2013). Co-occurring mental disorder and intellectual disability in a large sample of Australian prisoners, ANZ J Psychiatry, 47(1), 938-944. Moore R, Winter R, Indig D, Greenberg D & Kinner SA. (2013). Non-fatal overdose among adult prisoners with a history of injecting drug use in two Australian states, Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 133, 45-51. Kinner SA, Lennox N, Williams G, Carroll M, Quinn B, Boyle F & Alati R (2013). Randomised controlled trial of a service brokerage intervention for ex-prisoners in Australia, Contemporary Clinical Trials, 36, 198-206. van Dooren K, Kinner SA & Richards A. (2013). Complex health needs among young, soon-to-be-released prisoners, Health and Justice, 1:1.

Public notes

Contacts

Principal investigator

Name

A/Prof Stuart A. Kinner

Address

School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne. Level 4, 207 Bouverie St, Carlton, VIC 3010

Country

Australia

Phone

+61 3 9035 7598

Fax

[email protected]

Contact person for public queries

Name

Stuart A. Kinner

Address

School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne. Level 4, 207 Bouverie St, Carlton, VIC 3010

Country

Australia

Phone

+61 3 9035 7598

Fax

+61 9348 1174

[email protected]

Contact person for scientific queries

Name

Stuart A. Kinner

Address

School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne. Level 4, 207 Bouverie St, Carlton, VIC 3010

Country

Australia

Phone

+61 3 9035 7598

Fax

+61 9348 1174

[email protected]

No information has been provided regarding IPD availability

What supporting documents are/will be available?

No Supporting Document Provided

Results publications and other study-related documents

Documents added manually

No documents have been uploaded by study researchers.

Documents added automatically

Source	Title	Year of Publication	DOI
Embase	Early primary care physician contact and health service utilisation in a large sample of recently released ex-prisoners in Australia: Prospective cohort study.	2015	https://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008021

N.B. These documents automatically identified may not have been verified by the study sponsor.

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