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Trial registered on ANZCTR
Registration number
ACTRN12624000098538
Ethics application status
Approved
Date submitted
15/12/2023
Date registered
2/02/2024
Date last updated
26/08/2024
Date data sharing statement initially provided
2/02/2024
Type of registration
Prospectively registered
Titles & IDs
Public title
The effect of the Growing Minds Check-in for parents (GMCI-P) on parents/caregivers seeking help for child mental health
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Scientific title
The effect of the Growing Minds Check-in for parents (GMCI-P) on parents/caregivers seeking help for child mental health
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Secondary ID [1]
311193
0
NA
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Universal Trial Number (UTN)
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Trial acronym
GMCI-P RCT
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Linked study record
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Health condition
Health condition(s) or problem(s) studied:
Child mental health
332372
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Condition category
Condition code
Mental Health
329081
329081
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0
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Studies of normal psychology, cognitive function and behaviour
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Intervention/exposure
Study type
Interventional
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Description of intervention(s) / exposure
Participants are parents/caregivers (henceforth referred to as ‘parents’) of children aged from birth to 17 years, 6 months of age, who self-refer and would like to check-in on their child’s mental health (MH) or learn more about specific online evidence-based programs that could meet their child’s mental health and wellbeing needs. The GMCI-P will take approximately 15 minutes to complete in one sitting, but if parents need to attend to other matters, they are able to return to the GMCI-P and complete the questions at a later time. Commencement and completion of the GMCI-P is entirely at parent's discretion and is to be completed in a private location of their choosing. The GMCI-P website and tool is hosted by Netfront, who adhere to the NHMRC and University of Sydney privacy and data security recommendations. They also provide the ability to set up a family profile in order to track progress through the GMCI-P, to return to use the tool in the future and see prior recommendations, and provide website analytics.
The aim of this research is to evaluate the efficacy, acceptability and cost-effectiveness of the GMCI-P, a new, brief, online self-directed check-in (or screening) and referral tool for parents/caregivers of children aged birth to 18 years.
We will conduct an RCT with 500 families. The study will randomise parents to receive the GMCI-P immediately versus a Waitlist control (WLC) group, and the GMCI-P intervention group will be followed at post-intervention, three-month follow-up and six-month follow-up. In addition, the first 50 participants in the intervention group will be assessed at post in an optional qualitative interview. The Waitlist group will receive the GMCI-P after the three-month follow-up and will not be followed up further.
The aim of this research is to examine the efficacy and acceptability of the GMCI-P in increasing the likelihood that children at risk of MH problems will be identified and to increase parent help-seeking for child mental health by connecting to evidence-based online programs (via the recommendations provided). We will also investigate further help-seeking behaviour (for those parents currently seeking help for their child’s MH and wellbeing), child MH symptoms, parents’ intentions to seek help or access a program (help-seeking intentions measured at 3mfu), parenting, parent wellbeing, parenting self-efficacy, knowledge about where to access support to strengthen their child’s MH and wellbeing if needed, cost-effectiveness, parents’ satisfaction with help-sought, and the acceptability (as determined by parents’ responses to satisfaction and perceived usefulness questions at post-intervention questionnaire). We will also explore possible iatrogenic effects from the use of the GMCI-P (namely, increases in help-seeking stigma and parental anxiety about child mental health and wellbeing). We will further examine acceptability and possible iatrogenic effects qualitatively, through a post-intervention interview for a sub-sample of the intervention group only. Predictors and moderators to be examined include socio-demographic variables, prior child MH diagnosis, service type, dosage of service and perceived barriers to help-seeking.
The GMCI-P contains the five primary components: 1) subjective questions on parents’ perceptions and concerns about their child’s MH and development, and 2) objective questions, including validated measures of child MH for parents (e.g., Pediatric Symptom Checklist) to complete online at their own pace. The GMCI-P questions have been developed based on a review of the current evidence on UMHS, and in collaboration with an expert Advisory Group and the end-users of the system (e.g., parents/caregivers); 3) automatically generated feedback to parents based on their response to questions. Using the validated measures of child MH appropriate to the child’s age, children’s aggregate scores will be categorised into a relative risk profile, with scores below the specified clinical cut off considered “low risk” (i.e., low range) and those scores that fall above the clinical cut off considered “high risk” (i.e., at risk). Parents will be prompted to save their feedback and recommendations as a PDF and share it with to their GP, or if they feel they need more than the online recommendations, directed to the ‘Additional Resources and Help’ page with links to other services, supports and resources; 4) if scores are within the high risk range for any of the objective validated measures or a parent indicates a concern they would like help for on subjective questions, they will receive a matched recommendation to child’s age and identified needs for an online evidence-based program and information source. If scores are within the low-risk range for any objective validated measure, they will receive universal recommendations for programs/information that can help increase general parent knowledge and skills. All recommendations will include descriptions of the program or resource that identify the focus, the evidence supporting it, the cost (if applicable), and the length. Those parents who identify multiple concerns may receive multiple recommendations; and 5) post-intervention questions which ask parents evaluate acceptability of the intervention.
All parents will also be reminded that the GMCI-P is not designed to provide a comprehensive assessment or diagnosis of child mental health and well-being, and therefore may not identify the issues that would be identified by a full clinical assessment conducted by a health practitioner, and those seeking a mental health diagnosis should speak to their GP about referral pathways. Parents will be guided to save their feedback and recommendations as a PDF and share it with/talk to their GP or other health professional if desired. An example of matched recommendations made for a child with high anxiety symptoms include an overview of 1) what they selected they wanted help with (e.g. anxiety symptoms), 2) the range their scores fell within on our objective measures (i,e,, age dependent version of the pediatric symptom checklist). In this example, we would provide information about the following online programs: 1) Cool Kids Online, 2) Brave Program, 3) Fearless Triple P, 4) Parent Works, and provide links to relevant sections of the Raising Children's Network.
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Intervention code [1]
327641
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Early detection / Screening
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Comparator / control treatment
Parents randomly allocated to the waitlist control group will wait for 12 weeks (three-months) before receiving the online GMCI-P intervention after completion of three-month follow up questions). The waitlist group will be able to access their usual services and support during the waiting period. This means that if they were previously receiving or seeking help from any medical or mental health provider, they are encouraged to continue with this.
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Control group
Active
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Outcomes
Primary outcome [1]
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Parent help-seeking behaviour for child mental health and wellbeing (this could include seeing a health professional, or an online program/course, or a parenting program).
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Assessment method [1]
336898
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Parent self-report (yes/no) on whether help was sought in the past 3 months, accounting for any parent reported current help-seeking behaviour) for child MH and wellbeing. These questions were adapted from the National Study of Mental Health and Wellbeing (NSMHW) (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2020-21).
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Timepoint [1]
336898
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The help-seeking behaviour question will be administered at baseline (intervention/waitlist control (WLC) group), three-month follow-up (intervention group/waitlist group) and six-month follow-up (intervention group only). For the intervention group, three-month follow-up and 6-month follow-up occur 3 months and 6 months after intervention completion respectively. For the WLC group, three-month follow up occurs 12 weeks after baseline questionnaire completion. The primary time-point for this study is three-month follow up.
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Secondary outcome [1]
430052
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For children aged 0 to 23 months, irritability
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Assessment method [1]
430052
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Irritability will be assessed using the subscale score for the Irritability subscale score from the Baby Pediatric Symptom Checklist (BPSC; Sheldrick et al., 2013; Zablotsky et al., 2022). The Irritability subscale is a parent-reported measure that comprises four out of the twelve items on the BPSC. It encompasses various factors such as the amount of crying, fussiness, irritability, and the child's ability to be comforted. The Irritability subscale will be completed by all participating parents of children aged 0 – 23 months in both the intervention and waitlist groups.
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Timepoint [1]
430052
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The BPSC Irritability subscale will be administered at the baseline (intervention/WLC group), at 3-month follow-up (intervention group/WLC group), and at 6-month follow-up (intervention group only). For the intervention group, three-month follow-up and 6-month follow-up occur 3 months and 6 months after intervention completion respectively. For the WLC group, three-month follow up occurs 12 weeks after baseline questionnaire completion.
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Secondary outcome [2]
430053
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For children aged 0 to 23 months, flexibility
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Assessment method [2]
430053
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Flexibility will be assessed using the subscale score for the Inflexibility subscale score from the Baby Pediatric Symptom Checklist (BPSC; Sheldrick et al., 2013; Zablotsky et al., 2022). The Inflexibility subscale is a parent-reported measure that comprises four out of the twelve items on the BPSC. It encompasses various factors such as the ability to cope with changes, new situations, and new people. The Inflexibility subscale will be completed by all participating parents of children aged 0 – 23 months in both the intervention and waitlist groups.
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Timepoint [2]
430053
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The BPSC Inflexibility subscale will be administered at baseline (intervention/WLC group), at 3-month follow-up (intervention group/WLC group), and at 6-month follow-up (intervention group only). For the intervention group, three-month follow-up and 6-month follow-up occur 3 months and 6 months after intervention completion respectively. For the WLC group, three-month follow up occurs 12 weeks after baseline questionnaire completion.
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Secondary outcome [3]
430054
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For children aged 0 to 23 months, difficulty with schedules and routines
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Assessment method [3]
430054
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difficulty with schedules and routines will be assessed using the subscale score for the Difficulty with Routines subscale score from the Baby Pediatric Symptom Checklist (BPSC; Sheldrick et al., 2013; Zablotsky et al., 2022). The Inflexibility subscale is a parent-reported measure that comprises four out of the twelve items on the BPSC. It encompasses various factors such as their ability to follow a set routine or schedule. The Difficulty with Routines subscale will be completed by all participating parents of children aged 0 – 23 months in both the intervention and waitlist groups.
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Timepoint [3]
430054
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The BPSC Difficulty with Routines subscale will be administered at baseline (intervention/WLC group), at 3-month follow-up (intervention group/WLC group), and at 6-month follow-up (intervention group only). For the intervention group, three-month follow-up and 6-month follow-up occur 3 months and 6 months after intervention completion respectively. For the WLC group, three-month follow up occurs 12 weeks after baseline questionnaire completion.
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Secondary outcome [4]
430055
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For children aged 0 to 23 months, total social and emotional symptoms
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Assessment method [4]
430055
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total social and emotional symptoms will be assessed with the Baby Pediatric Symptom Checklist (BPSC; Sheldrick et al., 2013; Zablotsky et al., 2022). The BPSC is a 12-item self-report measure completed by all participating parents. The instrument provides a composite total difficulty score that is calculated by summing the responses to all items.
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Timepoint [4]
430055
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The BPSC will be administered at baseline (intervention/WLC group), at 3-month follow-up (intervention group/WLC group), and at 6-month follow-up (intervention group only). For the intervention group, three-month follow-up and 6-month follow-up occur 3 months and 6 months after intervention completion respectively. For the WLC group, three-month follow up occurs 12 weeks after baseline questionnaire completion.
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Secondary outcome [5]
430056
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For children aged 2 years (24 months) up to 4 years (47 months), children’s total difficulties with social, emotional and behavioural wellbeing
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Assessment method [5]
430056
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Children’s total difficulties with social, emotional and behavioural wellbeing will be assessed with the Preschool Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PPSC; Sheldrick et al., 2012). The PPSC is an 18-item self-report measure completed by all participating parents of children aged 2-4-years. The instrument provides a composite total difficulty score that is calculated by summing the responses to all items.
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Timepoint [5]
430056
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The PPSC will be administered at baseline (intervention/WLC group), at 3-month follow-up (intervention group/waitlist group), and at 6-month follow-up (intervention group only). For the intervention group, three-month follow-up and 6-month follow-up occur 3 months and 6 months after intervention completion respectively. For the WLC group, three-month follow up occurs 12 weeks after baseline questionnaire completion.
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Secondary outcome [6]
430057
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Emotional wellbeing (For children aged 4 years to 18 years)
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Assessment method [6]
430057
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Emotional wellbeing will be assessed using the composite Internalising subscale score of the Pediatric Symptom Checklist-17 (PSC-17; Gardner et al., 1999). The Internalising subscale is a parent-report measure comprising of five of the 17-items of the PSC-17. This will be completed by all participating parents/caregivers of children aged 4 to 18 years.
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Timepoint [6]
430057
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The PSC-17 Internalising subscale will be administered at baseline (intervention/WLC group), at 3-month follow-up (intervention group/WLC group), and at 6-month follow-up (intervention group only). For the intervention group, three-month follow-up and 6-month follow-up occur 3 months and 6 months after intervention completion respectively. For the WLC group, three-month follow up occurs 12 weeks after baseline questionnaire completion.
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Secondary outcome [7]
430058
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Behavioural wellbeing (For children aged 4 years to 18 years)
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Assessment method [7]
430058
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Children’s behavioural wellbeing will be assessed with the composite Externalising subscale score of the Pediatric Symptom Checklist-17 (PSC-17; Gardner et al., 1999). The Externalising subscale is a parent-report measure comprising of seven of the 17-items of the PSC-17. This will be completed by all parents of children aged 4 to 18 years.
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Timepoint [7]
430058
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The PSC-17 Externalising subscale will be administered at baseline (intervention/WLC group), at 3-month follow-up (intervention group/WLC group), and at 6-month follow-up (intervention group only). For the intervention group, three-month follow-up and 6-month follow-up occur 3 months and 6 months after intervention completion respectively. For the WLC group, three-month follow up occurs 12 weeks after baseline questionnaire completion.
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Secondary outcome [8]
430059
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Attention and activity (For children aged 4 years to 18 years)
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Assessment method [8]
430059
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Children’s attention and activity levels will be assessed with the composite Attention subscale score of the Pediatric Symptom Checklist-17 (PSC-17; Gardner et al., 1999). The Attention subscale is a parent-report measure comprising of five of the 17-items of the PSC-17. This will be completed by all parents of children aged 4 to 18 years
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Timepoint [8]
430059
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The PSC-17 Attention subscale will be administered at baseline (intervention/WLC group), at 3-month follow-up (intervention group/WLC group), and at 6-month follow-up (intervention group only). For the intervention group, three-month follow-up and 6-month follow-up occur 3 months and 6 months after intervention completion respectively. For the WLC group, three-month follow up occurs 12 weeks after baseline questionnaire completion.
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Secondary outcome [9]
430060
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total difficulties with social, emotional and behavioural wellbeing (For children aged 4 years to 18 years)
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Assessment method [9]
430060
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Children’s total difficulties with social, emotional and behavioural wellbeing will be assessed with the PSC-17. The PSC-17 is a 17-item self-report measure completed by all participating parents. The instrument provides a composite total difficulty score that is calculated by summing the responses to all items.
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Timepoint [9]
430060
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The PSC-17 will be administered at baseline (intervention/WLC group), at 3-month follow-up (intervention group/WLC group), and at 6-month follow-up (intervention group only). For the intervention group, three-month follow-up and 6-month follow-up occur 3 months and 6 months after intervention completion respectively. For the WLC group, three-month follow up occurs 12 weeks after baseline questionnaire completion.
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Secondary outcome [10]
430061
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Parent help-seeking intentions for child mental health and wellbeing
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Assessment method [10]
430061
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This will be assessed based on parent self-reports on intentions to seek help in the next month, 3 months or 6 months, completed by all participating parents/caregivers at post-intervention and three-month follow up. These questions were adapted from the National Study of Mental Health and Wellbeing (NSMHW) (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2020-21).
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Timepoint [10]
430061
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The adapted help-seeking intentions questions will be administered at baseline (intervention/WLC group), post-intervention (intervention group only) three-month follow-up (intervention group/WLC group) and six-month follow-up (intervention group only). Post-intervention questionnaire occurs immediately after GMCI-P completion, and three-month follow-up and 6-month follow-up occur 3 months and 6 months after intervention completion respectively. For the WLC group, three-month follow up occurs 12 weeks after baseline questionnaire completion.
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Secondary outcome [11]
430063
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Parenting
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Assessment method [11]
430063
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Parenting will be assessed using the total score of the 13-item Parenting Scale (PS-13; Rhoades & O’Leary, 2007), a 13-item parent-report measure completed by all participating parents/caregivers.
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Timepoint [11]
430063
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The PS-13 will be administered at baseline (intervention/WLC group), three-month follow-up (intervention/WLC group) and six-month follow-up (intervention group only). For the intervention group, three-month follow-up and 6-month follow-up occur 3 months and 6 months after intervention completion respectively. For the WLC group, three-month follow up occurs 12 weeks after baseline questionnaire completion.
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Secondary outcome [12]
430064
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Parent wellbeing
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Assessment method [12]
430064
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Parent Wellbeing will be assessed with the composite score of the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6; Kessler et al., 2006), a self-report measure completed by all participating parents/caregivers.
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Timepoint [12]
430064
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The K6 will be administered at baseline (intervention/WLC group), three-month follow-up (intervention/WLC group) and six-month follow-up (intervention group only). For the intervention group, three-month follow-up and 6-month follow-up occur 3 months and 6 months after intervention completion respectively. For the WLC group, three-month follow up occurs 12 weeks after baseline questionnaire completion.
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Secondary outcome [13]
430065
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Parenting self-efficacy
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Assessment method [13]
430065
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Parenting self-efficacy will be assessed with the composite Efficacy subscale score of the Parenting Sense of Competence Scale (PSOC; Gibaud-Wallston & Wandersman, 1979), a 17-item parent-report measure completed by all participating parents/caregivers.
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Timepoint [13]
430065
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The Efficacy subscale of the PSOC will be administered at baseline (intervention/WLC group), three-month follow-up (intervention/WLC group) and six-month follow-up (intervention group only). For the intervention group, three-month follow-up and 6-month follow-up occur 3 months and 6 months after intervention completion respectively. For the WLC group, three-month follow up occurs 12 weeks after baseline questionnaire completion.
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Secondary outcome [14]
430066
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Parent Knowledge about where to access support
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Assessment method [14]
430066
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Parent Knowledge about where to access support (this includes seeing a health professional, a program/course, or a parenting program) to strengthen their child’s mental health and wellbeing if needed, will be assessed based on parent self-report on agreement with the statement “I know where to access support (this includes seeing a health professional, a program/course, or a parenting program) to strengthen my child's mental health wellbeing and wellbeing if I needed to” on a 5-point scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (Strongly agree). This item has been GMCI team developed.
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Timepoint [14]
430066
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The knowledge question will be administered at baseline (intervention/WLC group), post-intervention (intervention group only) three-month follow-up (intervention group/WLC group) and six-month follow-up (intervention group only). Post-intervention questionnaire occurs immediately after GMCI-P completion, and three-month follow-up and 6-month follow-up occur 3 months and 6 months after intervention completion respectively. For the WLC group, three-month follow up occurs 12 weeks after baseline questionnaire completion.
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Secondary outcome [15]
430067
0
Satisfaction with help-sought post-intervention
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Assessment method [15]
430067
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Satisfaction with help-sought post-intervention will be assessed based on parent self-reports on satisfaction (not at all satisfied to very satisfied) with the help they have sought for their child’s MH and wellbeing in the past 3 months (this could include seeing a health professional, accessing an online program/course, or a parenting program). This question was adapted from the National Study of Mental Health and Wellbeing (NSMHW) (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2020-21).
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Timepoint [15]
430067
0
The satisfaction with help-sought question will be administered at baseline (intervention/WLC group), three-month follow-up (intervention/WLC group) and six-month follow-up (intervention group only). For the intervention group, three-month follow-up and 6-month follow-up occur 3 months and 6 months after intervention completion respectively. For the WLC group, three-month follow up occurs 12 weeks after baseline questionnaire completion.
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Secondary outcome [16]
430068
0
Satisfaction (component of acceptability) with the GMCI-P
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Assessment method [16]
430068
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Satisfaction (component of acceptability) with the GMCI-P will be assessed with parent-report on satisfaction with questions on their agreement and satisfaction with the feedback, recommendations and general tool, adapted from the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ; Sanders et al., 2000), originally adapted from the Therapy Attitude Inventory (Eyberg & Pincus, 1999), by all participating parents in the intervention group. The items (rated on a 5-point Likert scale) ask about parents’ agreement, understanding and satisfaction with the feedback and with the program and information recommendations provided, as well as parents’ overall satisfaction with the GMCI-P, whether they received the help they wanted, the extent to which the GMCI-P met their needs, how helpful it was to facilitating understanding of their child’s current SEBW and development, and whether they would find it helpful to return to the GMCI-P in the future. Each item of the CSQ is rated on a scale of 1-5, and the CSQ is scored by calculating the mean for each item as well as calculating a composite score of satisfaction by summing the respondents score on each satisfaction item, with higher scores indicating higher satisfaction
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Timepoint [16]
430068
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The satisfaction questions will be administered to all participants in the intervention group only immediately following the completion of the GMCI-P intervention via online questions (post-intervention questionnaire), as well as via qualitative questions given to a subset of the intervention groups (post-intervention interview).
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Secondary outcome [17]
430069
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Perceived usefulness (component of acceptability) of the GMCI-P
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Assessment method [17]
430069
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Perceived usefulness (component of acceptability) of the GMCI-P will be assessed with a subset of items from a Sekhon et al’s (2022) parent-report on a theory-informed acceptability questionnaire (on length, understanding etc.) by all participating parents in the intervention group. In this trial, we are using 4 of the original 8 items assessing satisfaction on 4 domains using a 5-point Likert scale (ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree). These items will assess additional components of acceptability that are not addressed in the CSQ, including burden (i.e., rate what you thought about the length of the GMCI-P; was the GMCI-P easy to navigate and use) and coherence/understanding (i.e., was the language used in the GMCI-P easy to understand). The questionnaire scores perceived usefulness based on the percentage of participants who agree/disagree with each item, no defined cut-off is provided.
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Timepoint [17]
430069
0
The perceived usefulness questions will be administered to all participants in the intervention group only immediately following the completion of the GMCI-P intervention via online questions (post-intervention questionnaire), as well as via qualitative questions given to a subset of the intervention groups (post-intervention interview).
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Secondary outcome [18]
430070
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The health economic evaluation of the cost effectiveness of the GMCI-P
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Assessment method [18]
430070
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The health economic evaluation of the cost effectiveness of the GMCI-P will be assessed with the Child Health Utility 9 Dimensions, parent-proxy version (CHU-9D; Stevens, 2010, 2012), a composite parent-report measure of health-related quality of life completed by all participating parents/caregivers, as well as a range of resource use questions, completed by all participants.
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Timepoint [18]
430070
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The CHU-9D and resource use questions will be administered at baseline (intervention/WLC group), three-month follow-up (intervention/ WLC group) and six-month follow-up (intervention group only). For the intervention group, three-month follow-up and 6-month follow-up occur 3 months and 6 months after intervention completion respectively. For the WLC group, three-month follow up occurs 12 weeks after baseline questionnaire completion.
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Secondary outcome [19]
430071
0
Help-seeking stigma
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Assessment method [19]
430071
0
Help-seeking stigma (one of the two iatrogenic effects) for children’s MH and wellbeing in terms of parents’ general help-seeking attitudes will be assessed with the composite Stigmatization subscale score on the Parental Attitudes toward Psychological Services Inventory (PATSPI; Turner, 2012), originally adapted from the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Health Scale (ATSPPHS; Fischer & Turner, 1970), an 8-item parent-report measure completed by all participating parents/caregivers.
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Timepoint [19]
430071
0
The stigmatization scale of the PATSPI will be administered at baseline (intervention/WLC group), post-intervention (intervention group only), three-month follow-up (intervention/WLC group) and six-month follow-up (intervention group only). For the intervention group, post-intervention questions occur immediately after completion of the intervention. For the intervention group, three-month follow-up and 6-month follow-up occur 3 months and 6 months after intervention completion respectively. For the WLC group, three-month follow up occurs 12 weeks after baseline questionnaire completion.
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Secondary outcome [20]
430072
0
Parents’ anxiety about their child’s mental health and wellbeing
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Assessment method [20]
430072
0
Parents’ anxiety about their child’s mental health and wellbeing (one of the two iatrogenic effects) in terms of their level of worry will be assessed with a project developed parent-report item, adapted from the Brief Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment (BITSEA; Briggs-Gowan & Carter, 2002), completed by all participating parents/caregivers.
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Timepoint [20]
430072
0
The item assessing parent anxiety about their child’s mental health and wellbeing will be administered at baseline (intervention/WLC group), post-intervention (intervention group only) three-month follow-up (intervention/WLC group) and six-month follow-up (intervention group only). For the intervention group, post-intervention questions occur immediately after completion of the intervention. For the intervention group, three-month follow-up and 6-month follow-up occur 3 months and 6 months after intervention completion respectively. For the WLC group, three-month follow up occurs 12 weeks after baseline questionnaire completion.
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Eligibility
Key inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria include: 1. Adult (18 years and above) parents/caregivers of children aged from birth to 17 years, 6 months (only one caregiver and one child per family); 2. Parents who are comfortable reading and completing questionnaires in English; 3. Parents who have reliable access to internet either on mobile device, tablet, laptop, or computer; 4. Parents who live with their child-of-interest at least some of the week.
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Minimum age
18
Years
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Maximum age
80
Years
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Sex
Both males and females
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Can healthy volunteers participate?
Yes
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Key exclusion criteria
None.
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Study design
Purpose of the study
Prevention
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Allocation to intervention
Randomised controlled trial
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Procedure for enrolling a subject and allocating the treatment (allocation concealment procedures)
Allocation to treatment condition will be concealed to the researchers by using a central randomisation procedure on the trial’s REDCap system: Once the participant has provided informed consent (i.e., signed the consent form) following the recruitment and screening interview, the research team member will initiate random allocation to either the online intervention (GMCI-P) or waitlist control using the in-built randomization feature on REDCap. This procedure will ensure concealment of treatment allocation as well as an audit trail for confirming allocation. Participants will then be directed to complete a group specific baseline assessment. Once participants have completed the baseline assessment, they will be notified of the allocated group via email.
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Methods used to generate the sequence in which subjects will be randomised (sequence generation)
A simple randomisation sequence will be generated using Robust Randomisation App (RRApp; Tu & Benn, 2018), which is an online tool. This sequence will be imported into the trial’s REDCap system
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Masking / blinding
Open (masking not used)
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Who is / are masked / blinded?
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Intervention assignment
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Other design features
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Phase
Not Applicable
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Type of endpoint/s
Efficacy
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Statistical methods / analysis
Sample size calculations using G*Power show that we will be able to detect an increase in help-seeking behaviour (noting that at least 40% will already be engaged in services) of 15% in the intervention relative to the control group at follow-up using a logistic multiple regression model with a total sample size of N= 308 (n =154 in intervention and control; power=0.8 at alpha=.05). This estimated change in help-seeking is consistent with previous research investigating changes in help-seeking behaviour has identified a 15% difference in change in help-seeking at 6-month post-intervention follow-up (Wiljer et al., 2020). A sample size of N = 440 accounts for 30% attrition [308/(1-0.30)=440].
Analyses will follow Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT; Schulz et al., 2010) for longitudinal analyses. Statistical analyses will be conducted in SPSS. Initial comparisons of the intervention and waitlist control groups at baseline will be performed using ANOVAs and chi-square tests of independence. This is to ensure adequate randomisation in that there were no significant differences between demographic variables or outcome variables prior to the intervention. This also includes chi-square tests for significant differences in rates of attrition between intervention and waitlist control group.
For the primary outcome, help-seeking behaviour, intervention effects will be measured using a logistic regression, with group as a between-subjects factor (intervention, waitlist control) and timepoint (pre-, three-month follow up) as a within-subjects factor. Differences at baseline and on current help-seeking behaviour (parent-report yes/no to question: are you currently seeking or receiving help from for [child_name]’s wellbeing (this could include seeing a health professional, an online program/course or parenting program) will be used as covariates in the analyses to control for any differences, and therefore reduce error. Regressions also included an interaction term to determine whether changes in help-seeking behaviour were moderated by current help-seeking behaviour. A separate analysis will be run including identified child MH and wellbeing concerns as a covariate, and including an interaction term to determine whether changes in help-seeking behaviour was moderated by identified child MH and wellbeing concern(s). Cohen’s d will be used to measure the effect size in order to report the magnitude of relationships.
For secondary outcome variables (namely: MH and wellbeing, help-seeking intentions measured at 3mfu, parenting, parent wellbeing, parent self-efficacy, knowledge of where to access support to strengthen their child’s MH and wellbeing if needed measured at 3mfu), effects will be measured using repeated measures ANOVAs, with group as a between-subjects factor (intervention, waitlist control) and timepoint (pre-, three-month follow up) as a within-subjects factor. Differences at baseline will be used as covariates in the analyses to control for any differences and therefore reduce error. Cohen’s d will be used to measure the effect size in order to report the magnitude of relationships.
A repeated measures ANOVAs with timepoint (three-month follow up, 6-month follow-up) as a within-subjects factor will be conducted to assess change in help-seeking behaviour for the intervention group. A further set of repeated measures ANOVAs with timepoint (pre, three-month follow up, 6-month follow up) as within subjective factor will be conducted to assess change in all outcomes across the three timepoints for the intervention group.
For intervention group participants only, for acceptability (secondary outcome), help-seeking intentions (secondary outcome) and knowledge of where to access support to strengthen their child’s MH and wellbeing if needed, intervention effects will be measured using a series of ANOVAs, with timepoint (pre-, post-intervention) as a within-subjects factor. Moreover, for intervention group participants only, for satisfaction with help-sought for child MH and wellbeing (secondary outcome), intervention effects will be measured using a series of ANOVAs, with timepoint (pre-, three-month follow up) as a within-subjects factor. For all of these analyses, differences at baseline will be used as covariates in the analyses to control for any differences and therefore reduce error. Cohen’s d will be used to measure the effect size in order to report the magnitude of relationships. Means and standard deviations will also be reported for acceptability.
For the secondary outcome variables, help-seeking stigma and parental anxiety (i.e., iatrogenic effects), intervention effects will be measured using repeated measures ANOVAs, with timepoint (pre-, post-intervention, three-month follow up, six-month follow up) as a within-subjects factor. Differences at baseline will be used as covariates in the analyses to control for any differences and therefore reduce error. Cohen’s d will be used to measure the effect size in order to report the magnitude of relationships.
Depending on amount of missing data, we will perform an intention-to-treat (ITT) analyses, such that participants’ data will be analysed according to the group they were originally randomly assigned to. That is, if a waitlist control participant completed the intervention during the waitlist period, they will be analysed as a control participant. If an intervention participant did not complete the intervention, they will still be analysed as an intervention group participant.
Finally, we will conduct structural equation models (SEM) to identify variables that represent processes and mechanisms that contribute to, or hinder, change in help-seeking behaviour (i.e. predictors and/or moderators).
Lastly, the within trial economic evaluation will be undertaken from health sector and societal perspectives. Outcomes utilised for the economic evaluation will include the primary and secondary outcomes in addition to quality adjusted life years (QALYs). The Australian value set for the CHU-9D will be used to derive utility values at each time point. The utility values at each time point will then be used to calculate total QALYs for each participant using the area under the curve method. Standard economic evaluation techniques including incremental analysis of mean differences and bootstrapping to determine confidence intervals for incremental ratios will be used in the evaluation. Sensitivity analyses will be undertaken to determine how robust the results are to some of the analytical assumptions (for example, variation in utility algorithm used and unit costs).
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Recruitment
Recruitment status
Recruiting
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Date of first participant enrolment
Anticipated
22/07/2024
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Actual
22/07/2024
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Date of last participant enrolment
Anticipated
17/03/2025
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Actual
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Date of last data collection
Anticipated
1/09/2025
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Actual
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Sample size
Target
440
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Accrual to date
9
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Final
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Recruitment in Australia
Recruitment state(s)
ACT,NSW,NT,QLD,SA,TAS,WA,VIC
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Funding & Sponsors
Funding source category [1]
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Government body
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Name [1]
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National Health and Medical Research Council - Million Minds Mental Health Research Mission – The Medical Research Future Fund (MRFF)
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Address [1]
315452
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GPO Box 1421 Canberra ACT 2601
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Country [1]
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Australia
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Primary sponsor type
University
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Name
The University of Sydney
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Address
Camperdown, NSW, 2006
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Country
Australia
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Secondary sponsor category [1]
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None
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Name [1]
317524
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Address [1]
317524
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Country [1]
317524
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Ethics approval
Ethics application status
Approved
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Ethics committee name [1]
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The University of Sydney Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC)
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Ethics committee address [1]
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The University of Sydney Camperdown, NSW, 2006
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Ethics committee country [1]
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Australia
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Date submitted for ethics approval [1]
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06/04/2023
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Approval date [1]
314362
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02/08/2023
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Ethics approval number [1]
314362
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2023/350
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Summary
Brief summary
This research will conduct a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of the Growing Minds Check-In (GMCI-P) for parents, a universal online child mental health check-in and referral tool, that involves parents answering a set of questions about their child’s social, emotional and behavioural wellbeing (wellbeing), receiving automated feedback based on their responses to the questions and recommendations for evidence-based programs and information matched to their child’s needs.
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Trial website
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Trial related presentations / publications
NA
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Public notes
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Contacts
Principal investigator
Name
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Prof Mark Dadds
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Address
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The University of Sydney Child Behaviour Research Clinic Level 1, 97 Church Street, Camperdown 2050
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Country
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Australia
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Phone
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+61 2 9114 4321
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Fax
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Email
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[email protected]
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Contact person for public queries
Name
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Jaimie Northam
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Address
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The University of Sydney Child Behaviour Research Clinic Level 1, 97 Church Street, Camperdown 2050
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Country
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Australia
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Phone
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+61 2 9114 4326
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Fax
131319
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Email
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[email protected]
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Contact person for scientific queries
Name
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Jaimie Northam
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Address
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The University of Sydney Child Behaviour Research Clinic Level 1, 97 Church Street, Camperdown 2050
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Country
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Australia
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Phone
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+61 2 9114 4326
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Fax
131320
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Email
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[email protected]
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Data sharing statement
Will individual participant data (IPD) for this trial be available (including data dictionaries)?
No
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No/undecided IPD sharing reason/comment
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What supporting documents are/will be available?
No Supporting Document Provided
Results publications and other study-related documents
Documents added manually
No documents have been uploaded by study researchers.
Documents added automatically
No additional documents have been identified.
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